神經(jīng)病變是由神經(jīng)損傷引起的病癥的一般術(shù)語。最常見的神經(jīng)病變形式之一是糖尿病周圍神經(jīng)病變，其發(fā)生率高達(dá)50％的糖尿病患者。

周圍神經(jīng)病通常影響人的手和腳。它可能導(dǎo)致疼痛，刺痛和麻木。其他類型的神經(jīng)病也可以在糖尿病患者中發(fā)展。

研究表明，一些精油可能有助于減輕炎癥和神經(jīng)損傷引起的疼痛。然而，許多可用的研究來自動物模型和個案研究。

在本文中，我們將介紹一些可以緩解神經(jīng)性疼痛的精油以及支持性證據(jù)。

我們還描述了如何使用油脂，風(fēng)險和考慮因素，其他治療方法以及神經(jīng)病變的原因和癥狀。

生姜

使用姜油可以幫助減少炎癥引起的神經(jīng)性疼痛。

一個2014年的研究相比，使用芳香瑞典式按摩的功效姜油在140名老年人誰了慢性下傳統(tǒng)的泰式按摩背部疼痛。

雖然這兩種治療方法均可改善癥狀，但使用芳香姜油的瑞典式按摩比泰式按摩更能有效減輕疼痛和殘疾。

姜油含有一種名為zingibain的化合物，具有強(qiáng)大的抗炎作用。因此，Zingibain可能有助于減少由炎癥引起的神經(jīng)性疼痛。

然而，研究人員尚未研究使用姜油治療神經(jīng)性疼痛的具體方法。

許多生姜精油可在網(wǎng)上購買。

黃春菊

冰片，甘菊和薰衣草精油中的化合物，可以幫助減少與神經(jīng)病有關(guān)的疼痛和炎癥。

甲2015研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與神經(jīng)性疼痛的小鼠冰片降低疼痛敏感性。然而，確認(rèn)對人類的影響需要進(jìn)一步研究。

許多洋甘菊精油可在網(wǎng)上購買。

圣約翰草

圣約翰草，或貫葉連翹，是抑郁和焦慮的傳統(tǒng)療法。人們還使用提取物來治療燒傷，炎癥和神經(jīng)疼痛。

根據(jù)一份2017年的病例報告，患有三叉神經(jīng)痛的人- 一種影響面部的神經(jīng)疼痛 - 發(fā)現(xiàn)圣約翰草的順勢療法有助于緩解癥狀。

該報告的作者得出結(jié)論，圣約翰草對于治療這種疼痛“可能是一種很有前景的治療選擇”，但進(jìn)一步的研究是必要的。

含有圣約翰草精油的芳香療法產(chǎn)品可在網(wǎng)上購買。

薰衣草

一些研究表明，薰衣草精油可能有助于減輕疼痛和焦慮。

吸入薰衣草精油可能有助于促進(jìn)放松，減少疼痛和焦慮。

甲2016研究外周靜脈插管，其涉及帶針管插入到外周靜脈中看著芳香療法的有效性。

招募了106名將要接受手術(shù)的人后，研究人員隨機(jī)指派參與者接受薰衣草精油或安慰劑的芳香療法。

插管后，薰衣草組患者的疼痛和焦慮程度明顯低于安慰劑組。

然而，2014年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，薰衣草油芳香療法對減少接受心內(nèi)直視手術(shù)的人的疼痛沒有影響。

一系列薰衣草精油可在網(wǎng)上購買。

圣羅勒

圣羅勒，也被稱為圖爾西或圖拉西，是一種芳香植物，生長在整個印度大陸和東南亞。阿育吠陀醫(yī)學(xué)的從業(yè)者長期以來一直用它來治療各種疾病，包括神經(jīng)疼痛。

一個2015年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在老鼠圣羅勒提取物顯著減少坐骨神經(jīng)疼痛。然而，在人類中證實這些發(fā)現(xiàn)需要進(jìn)一步研究。

人們可以在線購買圣羅勒精油。

薄荷

薄荷油具有抗菌，抗炎和抗氧化的特性。它還可能有助于調(diào)節(jié)免疫系統(tǒng)和減少肌肉痙攣。

一的結(jié)果2019系統(tǒng)綜述表明，薄荷油有助于緩解腸胃疼痛腸易激綜合癥，或IBS。然而，研究人員尚未確定薄荷油是否可以幫助治療神經(jīng)疼痛。

許多薄荷精油可在線獲得。

如何使用

人們要么吸入精油，要么將它們用作按摩油。

一個人可以嘗試在擴(kuò)散器，沐浴水或枕頭等軟裝飾品中添加幾滴精油。

在按摩中使用精油時，請始終用載體油（如杏仁油或橄欖油）稀釋。輕輕按摩混合物到受影響的區(qū)域。

風(fēng)險和考慮因素

美國食品和藥物管理局（FDA）將大多數(shù)精油作為化妝品，這意味著它不會調(diào)節(jié)其質(zhì)量或安全性。因此，建議只從信譽(yù)良好的制造商處購買精油，并仔細(xì)閱讀任何標(biāo)簽或說明。

芳香療法包括使用精油，無論是在擴(kuò)散器還是按摩。

純精油非常濃縮，有些可能有毒，所以人們不應(yīng)該攝取它們。

在將精油直接用于皮膚之前，將精油稀釋在載體油中也很重要。制造商經(jīng)常提供稀釋和安全使用說明。

精油會在某些人身上引起皮膚刺激或過敏反應(yīng)，因此建議在使用新油之前進(jìn)行補(bǔ)丁測試。

貼劑測試包括將稀釋的油應(yīng)用于小的皮膚區(qū)域，例如手背或部分前臂。如果皮膚發(fā)癢，發(fā)紅或干燥，請勿使用油。

精油可能與某些藥物相互作用，如抗抑郁藥和興奮劑。服用處方藥的人應(yīng)在使用精油前咨詢醫(yī)生。

在傳播精油之前，請考慮寵物，兒童和孕婦。

神經(jīng)病的其他治療方法

神經(jīng)病的醫(yī)學(xué)治療通常取決于治療根本原因。例如，良好控制血糖水平可能有助于減輕糖尿病神經(jīng)病變患者的癥狀。

藥物治療

醫(yī)生可能會開出藥物來幫助緩解神經(jīng)病患者的疼痛。這些可包括：

• 曲馬多，可待因和氫可酮

• α-2腎上腺素能激動劑，包括可樂定和替扎尼定

• 抗抑郁藥，如阿米替林，丙咪嗪和度洛西汀

• 抗驚厥藥，如加巴噴丁和拉莫三嗪

• 局部止痛藥，如利多卡因貼劑，噴霧劑和軟膏劑

經(jīng)皮神經(jīng)電刺激

經(jīng)皮神經(jīng)電刺激（TENS）是一種利用電流治療疼痛和緩解肌肉痙攣的療法。

TENS治療涉及將電極放置在身體的受影響區(qū)域。它們連接到一個小型設(shè)備，為神經(jīng)提供溫和的電流。人們可以在家里使用TENS設(shè)備。

2017年系統(tǒng)評價的作者無法得出關(guān)于TENS是否可以緩解神經(jīng)性疼痛的明確結(jié)論。他們將此歸因于現(xiàn)有證據(jù)的低質(zhì)量，并指出需要進(jìn)一步研究。

有些人用TENS治療報告疼痛緩解，這是一種相對安全的方法。使用TENS裝置時，必須遵循制造商的說明。

各種TENS單位可在線購買。

物理療法

定期的物理治療可以幫助減少神經(jīng)性疼痛。神經(jīng)病的物理治療側(cè)重于提高肌肉力量，靈活性和平衡性。

專業(yè)的物理治療師或其他醫(yī)療保健專業(yè)人員將與人密切合作，開發(fā)量身定制的鍛煉程序。

神經(jīng)病的原因和癥狀

壓力可能會導(dǎo)致一個人患有神經(jīng)病。

神經(jīng)病變的原因很多。其中一些包括：

• 強(qiáng)調(diào)

• 重酒精使用

• 接觸有毒物質(zhì)，如鉛或砷

• 一個維生素 B缺乏癥

• 化療

• HIV

• 乳糜瀉

• 狼瘡

• 類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎

• 帶狀皰疹

• 格林 - 巴利綜合征

• Charcot-Marie-Tooth病

神經(jīng)病變可引起多種癥狀，具體取決于病情所影響的神經(jīng)。

神經(jīng)病的癥狀包括：

• 四肢麻木，刺痛或燒灼感，如手腳

• 對觸摸的敏感度降低或極端

• 肌肉無力

• 行走困難

• 肌肉痙攣

• 消化問題

• 出汗過多

• 吞咽困難

摘要

神經(jīng)性疼痛是一種由影響神經(jīng)的病癥引起的疼痛。周圍神經(jīng)病變在糖尿病患者中很常見，并且可以引起手和腳的疼痛，刺痛和麻木。

有限的研究表明，某些精油可能有助于緩解某些類型的疼痛和炎癥。然而，許多研究都是在動物身上，或者沒有專門研究精油對神經(jīng)性疼痛的影響。

文章來源與瀏覽器翻譯，原文如下：

Neuropathy is a general term for conditions that develop as a result of nerve damage. One of the most common forms of neuropathy is diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which occurs in up to 50 percent of people with diabetes.

Peripheral neuropathy typically affects a person's hand and feet. It can cause pain, tingling, and numbness. Other types of neuropathy can also develop in people with diabetes.

Research suggests that some essential oils may help reduce pain resulting from inflammation and nerve damage. However, much of the available research comes from animal models and individual case studies.

In this article, we look at some essential oils that may relieve neuropathic pain as well as the supporting evidence.

We also describe how to use the oils, risks and considerations, other treatments, and causes and symptoms of neuropathy.

Ginger

Using ginger oil may help reduce neuropathic pain from inflammatory conditions.

A 2014 study compared the effectiveness of Swedish massage using aromatic ginger oil with traditional Thai massage in 140 older adults who had chronic lower back pain.

Although both treatments improved the symptoms, Swedish massage with aromatic ginger oil was more effective than Thai massage in reducing pain and disability.

Ginger oil contains a compound called zingibain, which possess potent anti-inflammatory properties. Zingibain, therefore, may help reduce neuropathic pain that results from inflammatory conditions.

However, researchers have not yet investigated the use of ginger oil for the specific treatment of neuropathic pain.

Many ginger essential oils are available to purchase online.

Chamomile

Borneol, a compound in chamomile and lavender essential oils, may help reduce pain and inflammation that relates to neuropathy.

A 2015 study found that borneol reduced pain sensitivity in mice with neuropathic pain. However, confirming the effect in humans will require further studies.

Many chamomile essential oils are available to purchase online.

St. John's wort

St. John's wort, or Hypericum perforatum, is a traditional remedy for depression and anxiety. People also use extracts to treat burns, inflammation, and nerve pain.

According to a 2017 case report, a person with trigeminal neuralgia — a type of nerve pain that affects the face — found that a homeopathic preparation of St. John's wort helped relieve the symptoms.

The authors of the report concluded that St. John's wort "may be a promising therapeutic option" for treating this pain, but further research is necessary.

Aromatherapy products containing St. John's wort essential oils are available to purchase online.

Lavender

Some studies suggest that lavender oil may help reduce pain and anxiety.

Inhaling lavender essential oil may help promote relaxation and reduce pain and anxiety.

A 2016 study looked at the effectiveness of aromatherapy during peripheral venous cannulation, which involves the insertion of a tube with a needle into a peripheral vein.

After recruiting 106 people who were due to undergo the procedure, the researchers randomly assigned the participants to receive either aromatherapy with lavender essential oil or a placebo.

Following the cannulation, those in the lavender group reported significantly less pain and anxiety than those in the placebo group.

However, a 2014 study found that lavender oil aromatherapy had no effect on reducing pain in people undergoing open-heart surgery.

A range of lavender essential oils are available to purchase online.

Holy basil

Holy basil, also known as tulsi or tulasi, is an aromatic plant that grows throughout the Indian continent and Southeast Asia. Practitioners of Ayurvedic medicine have long used it to treat a range of conditions, including nerve pain.

A 2015 study found that holy basil extract significantly reduced sciatic nerve pain in rats. However, confirming these findings in humans will require further research.

People can purchase holy basil essential oils online.

Peppermint

Peppermint oil has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It may also help regulate the immune system and reduce muscle spasms.

The findings of a 2019 systematic review suggest that peppermint oil may help relieve gastrointestinal pain from irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS. However, researchers have yet to establish whether peppermint oil can help treat nerve pain.

A number of peppermint essential oils are available online.

How to use

People either inhale essential oils or use them as a massage oil.

A person can try adding a few drops of essential oil to a diffuser, bath water, or soft furnishings, such as pillows.

When using essential oils in a massage, always dilute them in a carrier oil, such as almond or olive oil. Gently massage the mixture into the affected area.

Risks and considerations

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) class most essential oils as cosmetic products, which means that it does not regulate their quality or safety. It is therefore advisable to only purchase essential oils from reputable manufacturers and to carefully read any labels or directions.

Aromatherapy involves using essential oil, either in a diffuser or a massage.

Pure essentials oils are very concentrated, and some can be toxic, so people should not ingest them.

It is also important to dilute essential oils in a carrier oil before using them directly on the skin. Manufacturers often provide instructions on dilution and safe usage.

Essential oils can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some people, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using a new oil.

A patch test involves applying the diluted oil to a small area of skin, such as the back of the hand or part of the forearm. Do not use the oil if the skin becomes itchy, red, or dry.

Essential oils may interact with certain medications, such as antidepressants and stimulants. People taking prescription medications should seek advice from their doctor before using an essential oil.

Consider pets, children, and pregnant women before diffusing essential oils.

Other treatments for neuropathy

Medical treatment for neuropathy generally depends on treating the underlying cause. For example, good control of blood glucose levels may help reduce symptoms in people with diabetic neuropathy.

Medication

Doctors may prescribe medications to help relieve pain in people with neuropathy. These can include:

• tramadol, codeine, and hydrocodone

• alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, including clonidine and tizanidine

• antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, imipramine, and duloxetine

• anticonvulsants, such as gabapentin and lamotrigine

• topical pain relievers, such as lidocaine patches, sprays, and ointments

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a therapy that uses electrical currents to treat pain and relieve muscle spasms.

TENS therapy involves placing electrodes on the affected areas of the body. These connect to a small device that delivers mild electrical current to the nerves. People can use a TENS device at home.

The authors of a 2017 systematic review were unable to come to a definite conclusion about whether TENS can relieve neuropathic pain. They attributed this to the low quality of available evidence and pointed to the need for further studies.

Some people report pain relief with TENS therapy, and it is a relatively safe approach. When using a TENS unit, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions.

Various TENS units are available to purchase online.

Physical therapy

Regular physical therapy can help reduce neuropathic pain. Physical therapy for neuropathy focuses on improving muscle strength, flexibility, and balance.

A specialized physical therapist or other healthcare professional will work closely with a person to develop a tailored exercise routine.

Causes and symptoms of neuropathy

Stress may cause a person to have neuropathy.

There are many causes of neuropathy. Some of these include:

• stress

• heavy alcohol use

• exposure to toxic substances, such as lead or arsenic

• a vitamin B deficiency

• chemotherapy

• HIV

• celiac disease

• lupus

• rheumatoid arthritis

• shingles

• Guillain-Barré syndrome

• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Neuropathy can cause a wide range of symptoms, depending on which nerves the condition affects.

Symptoms of neuropathy can include:

• numbness, tingling, or burning sensations in the extremities, such as the hands and feet

• reduced or extreme sensitivity to touch

• muscle weakness

• difficulty walking

• muscle spasms

• digestive issues

• excessive sweating

• difficulty swallowing

Summary

Neuropathic pain is a type of pain that results from conditions that affect the nerves. Peripheral neuropathy is common in people with diabetes and can cause pain, tingling, and numbness in the hands and feet.

Limited research suggests that certain essential oils may help to relieve certain types of pain and inflammation. However, many of the studies were in animals or did not specifically investigate the effects of essential oils on neuropathic pain.